Deindustrialisation is the name given to the decline in manufacturing (secondary) industry, and the growth in tertiary and quaternary industry. In the UK this has happened because:
machines replaced people in most manufacturing industries
other countries produced goods more cheaply
prices for UK goods were too high
lack of investment - machinery
high interest rates makes borrowing money from banks difficult
Why have factories moved out of the city and into the rural-urban fringe?
How can governments help? In the UK industry has had to change. It has had to clean up its act and make itself more environmentally friendly. Most new industry has been built in new science and business parks and industrial estates (see footloose industry page). These tend to be located on the edge of towns in the rural-urban fringe. This is where the town and countryside meet. How can Governments help? •In South Wales there was heavy decline in Industry •Attracting new industry to South Wales –The Welsh Development agency was set up in 1976 to attract industry to Wales and encourage people to set up businesses –Urban Development Corporations were set up –The region became a Development Area and had help from the Government and the EU Did it work? •In the 1980s lots of companies came to south Wales –130 American and 130 European ones –20+ from Japan •New industries attracted were – biotechnology, IT, electronics and financial services •Most urban areas in South Wales now have modern business parks Five-year regeneration project in Ystrad Mynach •The transformation of the Penalta colliery (coal mining) (which closed in 1991) into a new urban village •Improvements to recreation facilities at Penalta Country Park •New business developments at Tredomen Business Park
Deindustrialisation is the name given to the decline in manufacturing (secondary) industry, and the growth in tertiary and quaternary industry. In the UK this has happened because:
Why have factories moved out of the city and into the rural-urban fringe?
How can governments help?
In the UK industry has had to change. It has had to clean up its act and make itself more environmentally friendly. Most new industry has been built in new science and business parks and industrial estates (see footloose industry page). These tend to be located on the edge of towns in the rural-urban fringe. This is where the town and countryside meet.
How can Governments help?
• In South Wales there was heavy decline in Industry
• Attracting new industry to South Wales
– The Welsh Development agency was set up in 1976 to attract industry to Wales and encourage people to set up businesses
– Urban Development Corporations were set up
– The region became a Development Area and had help from the Government and the EU
Did it work?
• In the 1980s lots of companies came to south Wales
– 130 American and 130 European ones
– 20+ from Japan
• New industries attracted were – biotechnology, IT, electronics and financial services
• Most urban areas in South Wales now have modern business parks
Five-year regeneration project in Ystrad Mynach
• The transformation of the Penalta colliery (coal mining) (which closed in 1991) into a new urban village
• Improvements to recreation facilities at Penalta Country Park
• New business developments at Tredomen Business Park